Master of Medical Sciences in Pharmacology (Mixed Mode)
International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM)(IIUM Gambang)
Master of Medical Sciences in Pharmacology (Mixed Mode)
International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM)(IIUM Gambang)
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The Master of Medical Sciences in Pharmacology (Mixed Mode) at International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM) provides a thorough exploration of essential pharmacological principles. This course covers key topics such as drug-receptor interactions, pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics, clinical pharmacology, drug discovery and development, evaluation of drugs in humans, and rational prescribing and prescription writing.
Students will develop the ability to differentiate and explain the principles of pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics, understanding their significance in therapeutic practices. The program encourages the analysis of these pharmacological concepts and their application in research projects, preparing students to contribute effectively to the field.
Through this master's program, graduates will acquire a comprehensive understanding of the critical aspects of pharmacology, equipping them for careers in medical research, clinical pharmacology, and pharmaceutical development.
Entry Requirements
• A relevant Bachelor’s degree (honours) from the IIUM or any other accredited institution of higher learning.
For other qualifications and certificates (e.g., Other qualifications equivalent to a Bachelor’s degree , etc..) please contact our educational consultants or submit your application for Admission assessment.
| Course Title | Course Classification | Credit Hours |
|---|---|---|
| Introduction to General Pharmacology | Special Req | 2 |
| Basic and Laboratory Pharmacology | Elective | 2 |
| Antimicrobial Agents II | Elective | 2 |
| Autonomic Nervous System | Elective | 3 |
| Central Nervous System Pharmacology | Elective | 3 |
| Cardiovascular and Renal Systems Pharmacology | Core | 3 |
| Respiratory and Gastrointestinal Systems Pharmacology | Core | 3 |
| Endocrine System Pharmcology | Elective | 3 |
| Antimicrobial Agents I | Elective | 3 |
| No. | Topic |
|---|---|
| Introduction | • The nature of drugs • Drug-Body Interactions |
| 1 | Drug receptors & molecular pharmacology • Drug-receptor complex • Signaling and transducer mechanisms • Receptor regulation |
| 2 | Pharmacodynamics • Dose-response curve • Therapeutic index |
| 3 | Pharmacokinetics I • Absorption • Bioavailability and first pass metabolism • Volume of distribution • Biotransformation |
| 4 | Pharmacokinetics II • Drug excretion • Basic clinical pharmacokinetics • Dosage kinetics of drugs |
| 5 | Clinical pharmacology • Pharmacological aspects of drug abuse • Principles of therapeutic evaluation |
| 6 | Discovery & Development of Drugs • Ethics |
| 7 | • Evaluation of Drugs in Man • Experimental Therapeutics • Rational Prescribing |
| No. | Topic |
|---|---|
| 1 | Introduction to Laboratory I • Common Procedure & Techniques • Basic equipment |
| 2 | • Study design in preclinical & laboratory study • Ethic in animal study |
| 3 | Intoduction to Laboratory II • Sample preparation, handling, stability & storage • Type of samples |
| 4 | • Type of equipment and devices • Human and animal samples |
| 5 | Practical I • Handling of experimental animal • Drug preparation technique |
| 6 | Practical II • Insulin measurement • Radioimmunoassay technique • Gamma counter |
| 7 | • Enzyme immunoassay technique • Fluorescence detector |
| 8 | Practical III • Basic & Protocol Preparation • Type of animal used • Isolated heart technique |
| 9 | Practical IV • Basic & Protocol Preparation • Type of animal used • Bilateral occlusion of common carotid arteries techniques |
| 10 | Practical V • Basic & protocol preparation • Type of animal used • Organ and tissue perfusion • Langerdorff technique |
| 11 | Practical VI • Basic & Protocol preparation • Type of animal used • Multi-channel cardiovascular assessments • Effect of drugs on cardiovascular system |
| No. | Topic |
|---|---|
| 1 | General Principles of Antimicrobial Therapy • Bacterial resistance • Selection of an antimicrobial agent • Advantages & disadvantages with combined antimicrobial therapy |
| 2 | General Principles of Antimicrobial Therapy • Superinfections • Misuse of antibiotics |
| 3 | Beta-Lactam Antibiotics • Penicillin I |
| 4 | Beta-Lactam Antibiotics • Penicillin II |
| 5 | Beta-Lactam Antibiotics • Penicillin III |
| 6 | Beta-Lactam Antibiotics • Cephalosporins I |
| 7 | Beta-Lactam Antibiotics • Cephalosporins II |
| 8 | Other Beta-Lactam Drugs • Classification • Pharmacokinetics & Pharmacodynamics |
| 9 | Sulfonamides • Classification • Pharmacokinetics & Pharmacodynamics Quinolones • Classification • Pharmacokinetics & Pharmacodynamics |
| 10 | Tetracyclines, Chloramphenicol • Classification • Pharmacokinetics & Pharmacodynamics |
| 11 | Macrolides • Classification • Pharmacokinetics & Pharmacodynamics |
| 12 | Aminoglycosides • Classification • Pharmacokinetics & Pharmacodynamics |
| 13 | Antimycobacterial Drugs I • Overview of disease • First-line agents |
| 14 | Antimycobacterial Drugs II • Second-line agents • Drugs active against Atypical Mycobacteria |
| No. | Topic |
|---|---|
| 1 | Introduction: • Anatomy & general functions of the ANS • Parasympathetic, Sympathetic, and Enteric nervous system |
| 2 | Neurotransmission: • Historical aspects & evidence for Neurohumoral Transmission • Steps involved in Neurotransmission |
| 3 | Cholinergic Transmission: • Synthesis, storage & release of acetylcholine • Acetylcholinesterase • Cholinergic receptors & signal transduction |
| 4 | Adrenergic Transmission: • Synthesis, storage & release of adrenaline • Pre-junctional regulation of adrenaline release • Termination of action of adrenaline |
| 5 | Adrenergic Receptors: • Classification • Molecular basis of adrenergic receptor function • α-adrenergic receptors • β-adrenergic receptors |
| 6 | Pharmacological considerations: • Drugs interfering with cholinergic transmission • Drugs interfering with adrenergic transmission • Co-transmission in cholinergic & adrenergic nerves • Nonadrenergic & Noncholinergic neurons |
| 7 | Cholinomimetic drugs: • Classification • Pharmacokinetics & Pharmacodynamics of Direct-acting Cholinergic drugs |
| 8 | Indirect-acting Cholinomimetics: • Classification • Pharmacokinetics & Pharmacodynamics of Indirect-acting Cholinergic drugs |
| 9 | Clinical Pharmacology of Cholinomimetics: • Clinical uses • Toxicity |
| 10 | Neuromuscular junction & Autonomic ganglia: • Neuromuscular blocking agents • Ganglion-blocking drugs |
| 11 | Cholinoceptor-blocking drugs: • Basic pharmacology, pharmacokinetics & pharmacodynamics • Clinical pharmacology & adverse effects |
| 12 | Sympathomimetic drugs: • Basic pharmacology, pharmacokinetics & pharmacodynamics • Clinical pharmacology & adverse effects |
| 13 | α-adrenoceptor blocking drugs: • Basic pharmacology, pharmacokinetics & pharmacodynamics • Clinical pharmacology & adverse effects |
| 14 | β-adrenoceptor blocking drugs: • Basic pharmacology, pharmacokinetics & pharmacodynamics • Clinical pharmacology & adverse effects |
| No. | Topic |
|---|---|
| 1 | Neurotransmission in CNS: • Organizational principles of the brain • Integrative chemical communication • Identification of central transmitters • Central neurotransmitters |
| 2 | Drugs in Parkinsonism & Other Movement Disorders I: • Pathogenesis of parkinsonism • Pharmacology of drugs used in Parkinson's disease treatment |
| 3 | Drugs in Parkinsonism & Other Movement Disorders II: • Pathogenesis of other movement diseases • Pharmacology of drugs used in the treatment |
| 4 | The Eicosanoids and NSAIDs: • Prostaglandins, Thromboxanes, Leukotrienes, Related compounds • Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs: Therapeutic strategies: NSAIDs, Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs (DMARDs); Pharmacotherapy of gout |
| 5 | Opioid Analgesics & Antagonists: • Basic pharmacology of opioid analgesics • Clinical pharmacology of opioid analgesics • Opioid antagonists |
| 6 | Antipsychotic Agents: • Basic pharmacology of antipsychotic agents • Clinical pharmacology of antipsychotic agents • Antimanic mood-stabilizing agents − Lithium |
| 7 | Antidepressants and Anti-anxiety Drugs I: • Basic pharmacology of antidepressants • Clinical pharmacology of antidepressants • Pharmacotherapy of anxiety |
| 8 | Antidepressants and Anti-anxiety Drugs II: • Basic pharmacology of antidepressants • Clinical pharmacology of antidepressants • Pharmacotherapy of anxiety |
| 9 | Sedative-Hypnotic Drugs I: • Basic pharmacology of benzodiazepines • Clinical pharmacology of benzodiazepines • Novel Benzodiazepine-receptor agonists |
| 10 | Epilepsy I: • Terminology & epileptic seizure classification • Nature & mechanisms of seizures |
| 11 | Epilepsy II: • Basic pharmacology of conventional antiseizure drugs • Clinical pharmacology of conventional antiseizure drugs |
| 12 | Epilepsy III: • Basic pharmacology of recently developed antiseizure drugs • Clinical pharmacology of recently developed antiseizure drugs |
| 13 | Drug Addiction & Drug Abuse: • Drug dependence • Pharmacology of drug of addiction • Medical aspects of drug addiction |
| No. | Topic |
|---|---|
| 1 | Cardiovascular Pharmacology: • Antihypertensive agents I • An overview • Diuretics • Sympatholytic drugs − Centrally acting agents − β blockers, α blockers − Mixed adrenergic blockers − Adrenergic neuron blockers |
| 2 | Cardiovascular Pharmacology: Antihypertensive agents II • Calcium channel blockers • Vasodilators • Arterial and venous • ACE inhibitors • Angiotensin II receptor antagonists |
| 3 | Antiarrhythmic drugs I: • Class I: Fast sodium (Na) channel blockers − Quinidine, procainamide, disopyramide − Lidocaine, phenytoin, mexiletine − Flecainide, propafenone, moricizine • Class II: Beta blockers − Propranolol − Esmolol − Timolol − Metoprolol − Atenolol |
| 4 | Antiarrhythmic drugs II: • Class III: Potassium (K) channel blockers − Amiodarone − Sotalol − Ibutilide − Dofetilide • Class IV: Slow calcium (Ca) channel blockers − Verapamil − Diltiazem • Class V: Variable mechanism |
| 5 | Cardiovascular Pharmacology: Treatment of Ischemic Heart Disease (IHD) I • Pathophysiology of IHD • Organic nitrates • Calcium channel blockers |
| 6 | Cardiovascular Pharmacology: Treatment of Ischemic Heart Disease (IHD) II • β blockers • Antiplatelet & antithrombotic agents |
| 7 | Cardiovascular Pharmacology: Pharmacotherapy of Heart Failure I • Pathophysiology of Heart Failure |
| 8 | Cardiovascular Pharmacology: Pharmacotherapy of Heart Failure II • Positive inotropic drugs − Cardiac glycosides − Phosphodiesterase inhibitors agonists |
| 9 | Cardiovascular Pharmacology: Pharmacotherapy of Heart Failure III • Non-positive inotropic drugs − Diuretics − ACE-inhibitors & ARBs − Vasodilators − β blockers |
| 10 | Drug Therapy for Hypercholesterolemia and Dyslipemia I: Drug therapy of Dyslipidemia I • Statins • Bile-acid sequestrants |
| 11 | Drug Therapy for Hypercholesterolemia and Dyslipemia II: Drug therapy of Dyslipidemia II • Niacin (Nicotinic acid) • Fibric acid derivatives: PPAR activators • Ezetimibe • Inhibition of dietary cholesterol uptake |
| 12 | Blood Coagulation and Anticoagulant, Fibrinolytic and Antiplatelet Drugs: • Basic pharmacology of anticoagulant drugs • Basic pharmacology of Antiplatelets • Basic pharmacology of drugs to prevent clotting • Basic pharmacology of drugs in bleeding |
| 13 | Renal Pharmacology I: • Renal tubule transport mechanisms − Proximal tubule − Loop of Henle − Distal convoluted tubule − Collecting tubule • Basic pharmacology of diuretic agents − Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors − Loop diuretics |
| 14 | Renal Pharmacology II: Basic pharmacology of diuretic agents • Thiazides • Potassium-sparing diuretics • Osmotic diuretics |
| No. | Topic |
|---|---|
| 1 | Tuberculosis I: • Pathology and clinical features of tuberculosis (Pulmonary) • Pharmacotherapy of tuberculosis • Antimycobacterial agents • The first line drugs |
| 2 | Tuberculosis II: • The alternative drugs • Management of multidrug resistant TB |
| 3 | Mucolytic and Expectorants I: • Diseases associated with increased secretion and cough • The anti-tussive agents • The mucolytics • The expectorants • Decongestants |
| 4 | Pharmacotherapy of Asthma I: • Pathophysiology of asthma • β2 adrenergic receptor agonists • Glucocorticoids • Leukotriene inhibitors |
| 5 | Pharmacotherapy of Asthma II: • Anti-IgE therapy • Cromolyn sodium • Anticholinergic agents • Theophylline |
| 6 | Pharmacotherapy of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease I: • Bronchodilators (selective β2-agonists, anticholinergic antimuscarinic agents and methylxanthines) • Glucocorticoids |
| 7 | Pharmacotherapy of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease II: • Other types of medication (vaccines, antibiotics, α1-antitrypsin augmentation therapy, mucolytic agents, antioxidants, immunoregulators, antitussives and vasodilators) |
| 8 | Pharmacotherapy of Peptic Ulcer I: • Overview of peptic ulcer diseases • Physiology of gastric secretion • Proton pump inhibitors • H2 receptor antagonists |
| 9 | Pharmacotherapy of Peptic Ulcer II: • Prostaglandin analogs: Misoprostol • Mucosal protective agents • Other acid suppressants |
| 10 | Pharmacotherapy of Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: • Pathogenesis of IDH • Mesalamine-based therapy • Glucocorticoids |
| 11 | Pharmacotherapy of Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: • Immunosuppressive agents • Anti-TNF therapy |
| 12 | Prokinetic Agents, Antiemetics and Agents for Irritable Bowel Syndrome: • Prokinetic agents • Antinausea and antiemetic • Pharmacotherapy for irritable bowel syndrome |
| 13 | Agents Used for Diarrhoea, Constipation, Agents Used for Biliary and Pancreatic Diseases I: • Overview of diseases • Agents used for diarrhoea • Constipation |
| 14 | Agents Used for Diarrhoea, Constipation, Agents Used for Biliary and Pancreatic Diseases II: • Agents used for biliary and Pancreatic diseases |
| No. | Topic |
|---|---|
| 1 | Hypothalamic and Pituitary Hormones I: • Anterior pituitary hormones • Posterior pituitary hormones |
| 2 | Hypothalamic and Pituitary Hormones II: • Anterior pituitary hormones • Posterior pituitary hormones |
| 3 | Thyroid and Antithyroid Drugs I: • Physiology of thyroid • Overview of disease |
| 4 | Thyroid and Antithyroid Drugs II: • Hypothyroidism • Drugs for hyperthyroidism |
| 5 | Adrenocorticosteroids and Adrenocortical Antagonists I: • The naturally occurring glucocorticoids; cortisol • Overview of diseases |
| 6 | Adrenocorticosteroids and Adrenocortical Antagonists II: • Clinical pharmacology • Antagonists of adrenocortical agents |
| 7 | The Gonadal Hormones and Inhibitors I: • General overview of the gonads • Estrogens and progestins • The contraceptives |
| 8 | The Gonadal Hormones and Inhibitors II: • Estrogen and progesterone inhibitors and antagonists |
| 9 | The Gonadal Hormones and Inhibitors III: • The testis – overview • Androgens, anabolic steroids • Antiandrogens and male contraceptions |
| 10 | Pancreatic hormones and antidiabetic drugs I: • The endocrine pancreas • Diabetes – pathophysiology • Classification of diabetes Insulin |
| 11 | Pancreatic hormones and antidiabetic drugs II: • Oral antidiabetic agents 1 |
| 12 | Pancreatic hormones and antidiabetic drugs III: • Oral antidiabetic agents 2 |
| 13 | Agents that affect bone mineral homeostasis I: • Basic pharmacology • The parathyroid – anatomy and physiology – an overview • Principal hormonal regulators of bone mineral homeostasis • Secondary hormonal regulators • Non hormonal agents |
| 14 | Agents that affect bone mineral homeostasis II: • Clinical pharmacology • Abnormal serum calcium and phosphate levels • Specific disorders involving the bone mineral-regulating hormones • Other disorders of bone mineral homeostasis |
| No. | Topic |
|---|---|
| 1 | General Principles of Antimicrobial Therapy: • Bacterial resistance • Selection of an antimicrobial agent • Advantages & disadvantages with combined antimicrobial therapy |
| 2 | General Principles of Antimicrobial Therapy: • Superinfections • Misuse of antibiotics |
| 3 | Beta-Lactam Antibiotics: • Penicillin I |
| 4 | Beta-Lactam Antibiotics: • Penicillin II |
| 5 | Beta-Lactam Antibiotics: • Penicillin II |
| 6 | Beta-Lactam Antibiotics: • Cephalosporins I |
| 7 | Beta-Lactam Antibiotics: • Cephalosporins II |
| 8 | Other Beta-Lactam Drugs |
| 9 | Sulfonamides: • Classification • Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics Quinolones: • Classification • Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics |
| 10 | Tetracyclines, Chloramphenicol: • Classification • Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics |
| 11 | Macrolides: • Classification • Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics |
| 12 | Aminoglycosides: • Classification • Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics |
| 13 | Antimycobacterial Drugs I: • Overview of disease • First-line agents |
| 14 | Antimycobacterial Drugs II: • Second-line agents • Drugs active against Atypical Mycobacteria |
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