Doctor of Philosophy in Aquatic Biology (By Research) at Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM) is a research-focused programme that provides advanced training in the multidisciplinary study of aquatic ecosystems, encompassing freshwater, brackish, and marine environments. The programme addresses the structure, function, and dynamics of aquatic ecosystems, which constitute the dominant ecosystems on Earth.

Through independent and supervised research, doctoral candidates apply fundamental principles of aquatic science to objectively analyse, synthesize, and evaluate experimental data and scientific information. Research activities integrate both theoretical and practical components, including hands-on experience in aquatic sampling, biodiversity inventories, and a wide range of field- and laboratory-based measurement techniques.

The programme also places strong emphasis on the management and sustainable utilization of aquatic resources, highlighting their ecological significance and economic value. Graduates of the programme are trained to contribute effectively to scientific research, environmental management, conservation efforts, and policy development related to aquatic ecosystems at national and international levels.

Entry Requirements

 • A Master’s degree in related area with CGPA 3.00/4

For other qualifications and certificates (e.g., Other qualifications equivalent to a Master’s degree , etc..) please contact our educational consultants or submit your application for Admission assessment.